Ancient Civilization

موضوع: Ancient Civilization الإثنين يونيو 02, 2014 7:17 pm

BRAINSTORMING
1Use the pictures as an entry to the theme of the .
E.g. What do the pictures represent/show?
Where are these monuments located? Etc.....
1Get the students acquainted with the project outcome by referring them to page 42 so as to set them thinking about it.

Language Outcomes
LISTEN & CONSIDER
Go through the language outcomes with your students so they will have a clear understanding of what the learning objectives of the section are.

• Informing: asking and answering questions with ago …...
• Narrating: using had to, used to, was able to&past simple of to be.
• Using dependent prepositions: adj + prep and vb+ prep
• Pronuncing: was/were/wasn’t/weren’t/ in connected speech.
• Giving a talk about changes in lifestyles.

¹Getting started
Look at the map below and answer the questions that follow

1- What ancient civilizations are represented in the ma?
;The civilizations represented on the map are (from left to right) : Ancient Greek, Ancient Egyptian, Sumerian, Babylonian and Indus Valley civilizations. You may try to elicit the names of the civilizations that later flourished in the same areas.
2- Which civilization, do you think, is the oldest?
;The right answer is the Sumerian Civilization. There is no need to confirm or infirm the hypotheses made by the students at this stage of the lesson since the objective of the question is to raise interest and to make hypotheses. Students will check their answers by listening to the script in the Let’s hear it rubric.
3- Why do you think these civilizations first flourished in these areas?
;Just as for the first question, the aim here is not to test the students but to get them involved in the lesson.
I think these civilizations first flourished in these areas because they were living in
peace.

4- What's your definition of civilization? What do you associate with it?
;The students will give their own definitions. The important point here is to make them think about the theme of the unit. Have some students jot down the words they associate
with civilization (E.g. sculpture, literature, astronomy…) on the board and justify their choice.
;An advanced state of intellectual, cultural, and material development in human society, marked by progress in the arts and sciences, the extensive use of record-keeping, including writing, and the appearance of complex political and social institutions.
;The type of culture and society developed by a particular nation or region or in a particular
epoch.
;Cultural or intellectual refinement; good taste. / Modern society with its conveniences.
¹Let’s Hear it
Unit 1, Script 1: Listen and Consider
First part of the radio interview Dr. Victor Skipp, a professor of ancient civilizations, is answering questions during a radio broadcast.
Radio interviewer: I'll start with a tricky question if you don't mind. How many civilizations has the world known so far? Dr. Skipp: Well, historians don't agree on the exact number. According to some of them, there have been 26 or 27 civilizations on the whole.
Radio interviewer: And which one is the world's earliest civilization? Dr. Skipp: The world's earliest civilization is probably the Sumerian civilization. It flourished on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq)
about 5,500 years ago. As for the Egyptian civilization, it emerged about 5,000 years ago. It was based along the Nile Valley. Then came the Indus Valley civilization about 4,500 years ago and the Chinese civilization along the lower valley of the Yellow River about 4,200 years ago. Radio interviewer: What about what is known as Ancient Greek civilization? Dr. Skipp: Well, Ancient Greek civilization started in the Island of Crete some 4,000 years ago and then spread to mainland Greece where it flourished approximately 150 B.C.
Radio interviewer: This was when the Romans took over, I suppose. Now, what about the New World? Did any ancient civilizations emerge there? Dr Skipp: Yes, in the New World similar civilizations evolved in Mesoamerica (the Olmec about 3,200 years ago) and in Peru (the Chavin about 2,800 years ago).

1- Listen to the first part of the radio interview about ancient civilizations & note down each of the five boxes below how long ago each of them began.

Ancient Greek Civilization	Ancient Egyptian Civilization	Sumerian Civilization	Indus Valley Civilization	Chinese Civilization
4,000 years ago	5,000 years ago	5,500 years ago	4,500 years ago	4,200 years ago

2- Compare your answers to task 1 above with those of your partner. Then order the civilizations chronologically using the wheel below.
1 Sumerian civilization (5,500 ago) - 2 Ancient Egyptian civilization (5,000 years ago) –
3 Indus Valley civilization (4,500 years ago) - 4 Chinese civilization (4,200 years ago) –
5 Ancient Greek civilization (4,000 years ago)
3- Listen to the second part of the radio interview. Put a tick ( in the right box to indicate whether statements (A-F) are true (T), false (F), or not mentioned (NM) in the interview. An example is provided. Second part of the radio interview Radio Interviewer: Right. How can you explain that practically all of the civilizations you mentioned developed around rivers? Dr. Skipp: That's a good point. If you allow me, I'll begin by defining what we exactly mean by civilization. I would say that civilization is 'the art of living in cities'. But before the first cities could be built and with them the earliest civilizations, people had to learn how to farm the land, how to tame wild animals and how to live the simple life of a farming village. What I mean is that the foundations of civilization were laid by the first farmers and craftsmen. And naturally, where could these farmers find a more fertile land to cultivate and sustain city life than on the banks of rivers like the Tigris, the Euphrates, or the Nile? Radio interviewer: And I suppose that it must have taken a long time for civilization to become 'visible' and develop even on the banks of these rivers. Dr. Skipp: That's right. Let's take the case of the Sumerian civilization. As you can imagine, hardly any rain fell in Mesopotamia even at that time. So away from the rivers the soil was too dry for farming. On the other hand; every year the rivers flooded, which meant that close to them most of the land was a permanent swamp. In some places there was too little water, in others too much. So if progress from village life to city life was to be made, the Sumerians had to control a great river. This they were able to do. First, they built huge banks on both sides of the Euphrates, so that even at flood time, it could be contained within its own bed. Then, they constructed an irrigation system constituted of canals, reservoirs and dams to control the distribution of water. Radio Interviewer: I imagine that before the Sumerians were able to build their cities and develop their civilization, they had other difficulties to overcome. Dr. Skipp: Certainly. For example the Sumerians had to import many raw materials necessary for civilized life because they were not available in Mesopotamia. They imported these raw materials from different localities of the world situated in Syria, Oman, Afghanistan, and even in Europe. The Sumerians had no money. But their farming was so efficient by this time that the land was producing far more than the inhabitants actually needed for themselves. So they used to barter their products, exchanging their own surplus of corn and dates, leather, wool, and pottery for the goods they needed. Radio interviewer: I see. Another question, if you allow me. Dr. Skipp: Please, go ahead. Radio interviewer: Is there any explanation as to why ancient civilizations collapsed after having built imposing cities, fine palaces and temples? Dr. Skipp: Well, the explanation is simple. For the most part, progress from cave life to

civilization had taken place in peaceful and settled conditions. But at one stage of Ancient History, these civilized countries were invaded and destroyed by less civilized ones in search of food. Often the cities were unable to protect themselves because they had internal problems, and their people had become too soft and easygoing as a result of their wealth and prosperity. The invaders, on the other hand, though they were less clever, were tough, vigorous and determined_ (Adapted from Victor Skipp, Out of the Ancient World)

T	F	NM
;
;
;
;
;
;

A. The Sumerian civilization is the oldest civilization in the world. T B. Most of the ancient civilizations rose along rivers. T C. Agriculture did not form the basis of ancient civilizations. F D. Ancient civilizations flourished during periods of peace. T E. Most ancient civilizations fell into ruins because of war. T F. Ancient Egyptians invented agriculture. F
4- Compare your answers to task 3 above with those of your partner.
Have the students compare their answers. Then engage them in a discussion particularly with reference to answers to question D and E. These are important issues and should develop consciousness about the importance of peace for development, refinement in the arts and so on.

5- Use as much information as you can from tasks 1, 2 and 3 on the previous page to complete the dialogue below. Pay attention to the framed information.
]You: How many civilizations has the world known so far?
Your partner: Well, according to some historians the world has known 26 or 27 civilizations so far.
[You: Which one is the oldest / earliest civilization?
Your partner: The world's earliest civilization is probably the Sumerian civilization.
[You: How long ago did it start / begin / flourish / rise?
Your partner: It started in Mesopotamia some 4000 years ago
You: What about the Ancient Egyptian Civilization? When and where did it start? Your partner: Well, Ancient Egyptian civilization started some 5,000 years ago along the Nile Valley.
You : What was the major cause of the collapse of these civilizations?
Your partner: According to most historians, the major cause was war. Most of the ancient civilizations fell into ruins as a result of external invasions.

.

موضوع: رد: Ancient Civilization السبت ديسمبر 06, 2014 8:37 pm

دُمتَمْ بِهذآ الع ـطآء أإلمستَمـرٍ

يُسع ـدني أإلـرٍد على مـوٍأإضيعكًـم

وٍأإألتلـذذ بِمـآ قرٍأإتْ وٍشآهـدتْ

تـقبلـوٍ خ ـآلص احترامي